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Pediatr Dermatol. 2009 May-Jun; 26(3): 273-8
Chiang C, Eichenfield LF

Standard recommendations for skin care for patients with atopic dermatitis stress the importance of skin hydration and the application of moisturizers. However, objective data to guide recommendations regarding the optimal practice methods of bathing and emollient application are scarce. This study quantified cutaneous hydration status after various combination bathing and moisturizing regimens. Four bathing/moisturizer regimens were evaluated in 10 subjects, five pediatric subjects with atopic dermatitis and five subjects with healthy skin. The regimens consisted of bathing alone without emollient application, bathing and immediate emollient application, bathing and delayed application, and emollient application alone. Each regimen was evaluated in all subjects, utilizing a crossover design. Skin hydration was assessed with standard capacitance measurements. In atopic dermatitis subjects, emollient alone yielded a significantly (p < 0.05) greater mean hydration over 90 minutes (206.2% baseline hydration) than bathing with immediate emollient (141.6%), bathing and delayed emollient (141%), and bathing alone (91.4%). The combination bathing and emollient application regimens demonstrated hydration values at 90 minutes not significantly greater than baseline. Atopic dermatitis subjects had a decreased mean hydration benefit compared with normal skin subjects. Bathing without moisturizer may compromise skin hydration. Bathing followed by moisturizer application provides modest hydration benefits, though less than that of simply applying moisturizer alone.
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Am J Infect Control. 2009 Sep; 37(7): 590-7
Hutchins K, Karras G, Erwin J, Sullivan KL

BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a nosocomial pneumonia that develops in patients on mechanical ventilation for >or=48 hours. VAP develops at an estimated rate of 1% to 3% per day of mechanical ventilation. METHODS: Quality improvement project. Mechanically ventilated patients received the following oral care every 4 hours: the teeth were brushed with cetylpyridinium chloride (changed to 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate in 2007) using a suction toothbrush, the oral cavity was cleansed with suction swabs treated with hydrogen peroxide, a mouth moisturizer was applied, deep oropharyngeal suctioning was performed, and suction catheters were used to control secretions. The primary efficacy variable was a diagnosis of VAP in patients mechanically ventilated for >or=48 hours. RESULTS: The historical average rate of VAP in 2004 was 12.6 cases/1000 ventilator-days. After the inception of the quality improvement project, VAP rates decreased to 4.12 (VAP cases/days of ventilation x 1000) for May to December 2005, to 3.57 for 2006, and to 1.3 for 2007. CONCLUSION: The use of an oral care protocol intervention and ventilator bundle led to an 89.7% reduction in the VAP rate in mechanically ventilated patients from 2004 to 2007.
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Cutis. 2009 Aug; 84(2): 72-6
Del Rosso JQ

Skin care regimens have been recommended in conjunction with topical medications for the treatment of rosacea. Specifically, a mild cleanser and a moisturizer can help relieve symptoms and maintain skin barrier integrity. The Assessment of Skin Characteristics Study, a multicenter open-label study (N=102), compared the use of a specified skin care regimen with or without the moisturizer component. Participants used a facial cleanser immediately before application of azelaic acid (AzA) gel 15% twice daily to both sides of the face and then applied the provided moisturizer to the right side of the face only. Scores for severity and duration of stinging, burning, tingling, and itching were recorded in the morning and evening for 7 days. Cumulative symptom scores (CSSs) decreased on the right side of the face with facial moisturizer applied.
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Pak J Pharm Sci. 2009 Oct; 22(4): 415-20
Rohman A, Man YC, Sismindari

Today, virgin coconut oil (VCO) is becoming valuable oil and is receiving an attractive topic for researchers because of its several biological activities. In cosmetics industry, VCO is excellent material which functions as a skin moisturizer and softener. Therefore, it is important to develop a quantitative analytical method offering a fast and reliable technique. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with sample handling technique of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) can be successfully used to analyze VCO quantitatively in cream cosmetic preparations. A multivariate analysis using calibration of partial least square (PLS) model revealed the good relationship between actual value and FTIR-predicted value of VCO with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.998.
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J Drugs Dermatol. 2009 Oct; 8(10): 932-6
Tucker-Samaras S, Zedayko T, Cole C, Miller D, Wallo W, Leyden JJ

Retinol is a cosmetic ingredient that is structurally similar to all-trans-retinoic acid, which has been shown to be effective in the treatment of photodamage. Since skin keratinocytes are reported to metabolize retinol to retinoic acid, investigators have hypothesized that retinol may also be helpful in improving skin photodamage. In this eight-week, double-blind, split-face, randomized clinical study, a stabilized 0.1% retinol-containing moisturizer was tested (36 subjects) against the vehicle (28 subjects) in women with moderate facial photodamage. Each product was applied once daily to the designated half side of the face. Subjects were evaluated at baseline and after four and eight weeks of treatment using a 0-9 scale for photoaging parameters. The results showed that, after eight weeks, the retinol moisturizer was significantly more efficacious than the vehicle in improving lines and wrinkles, pigmentation, elasticity, firmness and overall photodamage. Many of these differences were significant at week 4, with a progressive improvement to week 8. This study demonstrates that a formulation containing stabilized retinol is safe and effective to ameliorate the appearance of photoaged skin.
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